TL;DR 2 Negotiation.

Do not confuse selling and negotiating.

The former is winning the sale in principle; the latter is deciding on what terms.

There comes a point where you should be able to ask: ‘Are we there in principle?’ If they say yes, now you can start talking price and other details.

Do not give unless you get. ‘If you are looking for an extra 5%, we would be looking for a guarantee of next year’s business.’

Keep calculating your margins: imagine your cost is 50 and your usual price 100. Give 25% off, and the price becomes 75, but your margin has fallen from 50 to 25. You have given away 50% (not 25%) of your profit.

Give small. Decide your limit, then start well below it. Give slowly. Take weeks if necessary. Slow builds value. Give odd. Offer 3.75, not 5. An odd number looks calculated. A round one suggests a number plucked from the air. Go back to zero each new contract. Last year’s discount is not this year’s starting point.

Summarise and agree what you have settled before leaving the meeting or call. If you are in the same room, a shared whiteboard (which you later photograph) is superb.

It is one thing to win business; it is another to win that which is profitable.